Modding:Editing XNB files

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This page explains how to create a mod which replaces game files in order to change game data, images, and maps.

Intro

How XNB mods work

The game stores data in a compressed format with the .xnb file extension inside its Content folder. For example, Abigail's portrait shown during dialogue is from Content\Portraits\Abigail.xnb. Each .xnb file contains two files: the data file (like an image), and a metadata file (information about the data file). For example, here's what's inside Content\Portraits\Abigail.xnb:

Abigail.xnb
   Abigail.png
   Abigail.yaml

In the above example:

• Abigail.png contains Abigail's portraits. This is the file you would edit if you wanted to change her portraits in the game:
  
• Abigail.yaml contains metadata about Abigail.png (like what type of file it is). You don't need to worry about this file, since you generally won't be changing it.

An XNB mod replaces some of the game's XNB data files, which lets you change images (like portraits, NPCs, or buildings), data (like crop information or dialogue), or maps (including map behaviour like warps and minigames). XNB mods can also add entirely new content (like new NPCs).

XNB vs SMAPI mods

SMAPI is a modding API that lets you change the game using code. SMAPI mods are more powerful, easier to install and remove, and allow multiple mods to change the same content. On the other hand, SMAPI requires you to write code which some modders aren't comfortable with. If you have programming experience, creating a SMAPI mod is recommended instead if feasible.

See Modding:Player FAQs for more info about the two kinds of mod.

Where can I get help?

The Stardew Valley modding community is very welcoming. Feel free come chat on Discord or post in the forums.

Getting started

First-time setup

Before you start, you should install these:

on Windows

• XNB Extract 0.2.2 to unpack and pack the game's XNB files. (See forum post.)
• Paint.NET to edit image files (or use your favourite image editor).

on Linux/Mac

• Wine 1.7 or later to run Windows programs like XNB Extract.
• XNB Extract 0.2.2 for Linux/Mac to unpack and pack the game's XNB files.
• GIMP to edit image files (or use your favourite image editor).

You should also back up your game's Content folder, so you can recover the original files if you make a mistake.

Unpack & pack game files

You can't edit an .xnb file itself, you need to edit the file that's inside it. Pulling out that inner file is called unpacking, and putting it back is called packing. Here's how to do it:

1. Download XNB Extract (see #First-time setup).
2. Unpack the file for editing:
   1. Find the file you want to edit in the Contents folder.
   2. Copy it into XNB Extract's Packed folder.
   3. Double-click UnpackFiles.bat (Windows) or UnpackFiles.sh (Linux/Mac).
3. Edit the unpacked file (see below).
4. Repack the file for the game:
   1. Double-click PackFiles.bat (Windows) or PackFiles.sh (Linux/Mac).
   2. Move the repacked .xnb file back to the original location.

Making changes

Spritesheets, tilesheets, or portraits

An example tilesheet, which consists of a grid of tiles like this:

Definitions:

• A spritesheet is a PNG file containing small images in a regular grid pattern. Each square in the spritesheet's grid pattern is called a sprite. For example, each in-game item has a sprite in Content\Maps\spring_objects.xnb.
• A tilesheet is a synonym for spritesheet when used for map tiles. In a tilesheet, each square is called a tile and is 16×16 pixels.
• A portrait is a sprite from the Content\Characters\*.xnb spritesheets.

Spritesheets are easy to edit:

1. Unpack the file you want to change.
2. Open the unpacked .png file in an image editor (see #Getting started).
3. Make changes directly to the image.
4. Repack the file and copy it back to the original location.

That's it! You can launch the game to see your changes.

Maps

See Modding:Maps.