Farming

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Farming is the skill associated with planting, growing, and harvesting crops on the farm, and also the care of farm animals. It's one of the main income sources for the game, and provides most of the ingredients for cooking.

Farming Skill Icon.png Farming Skill

The farming skill level can be viewed in the skill tab of the pause menu. Each level grants +1 proficiency to the Hoe and Watering Can, which reduces the energy cost of using the tools. Higher farming skill also increases the chance to obtain quality crops.

To level up farming skill requires experience points, which are gained by harvesting crops, petting farm animals, milking cows or goats, shearing sheep, picking up animal products inside a coop, or reading the Stardew Valley Almanac or Book Of Stars.

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5
Crafting Recipes: Crafting Recipes: Crafting / Cooking Recipes: Crafting Recipes: Choose a Profession:
Scarecrow.png Scarecrow

Basic Fertilizer.png Basic Fertilizer

Mayonnaise Machine.png Mayonnaise Machine

Stone Fence.png Stone Fence

Sprinkler.png Sprinkler

Bee House.png Bee House

Speed-Gro.png Speed-Gro

Farmer's Lunch.png Farmer's Lunch

Preserves Jar.png Preserves Jar

Basic Retaining Soil.png Basic Retaining Soil

Iron Fence.png Iron Fence

Rancher.png Rancher

Animal products worth 20% more.

Tiller.png Tiller

Crops worth 10% more.

(Bonus applies to all Vegetables and Flowers, plus any Fruit that has not been foraged)

Level 6 Level 7 Level 8 Level 9 Level 10
Crafting Recipes: Crafting Recipes: Crafting Recipes: Crafting Recipes: Rancher: Tiller:

Cheese Press.png Cheese Press

Hardwood Fence.png Hardwood Fence

Quality Sprinkler.png Quality Sprinkler

Loom.png Loom

Quality Retaining Soil.png Quality Retaining Soil

Oil Maker.png Oil Maker

Keg.png Keg

Deluxe Speed-Gro.png Deluxe Speed-Gro

Seed Maker.png Seed Maker

Iridium Sprinkler.png Iridium Sprinkler

Quality Fertilizer.png Quality Fertilizer

Coopmaster.png Coopmaster

Befriend coop animals quicker. Incubation time (for Incubator, Ostrich Incubator, and Slime Incubator) cut in half.

(Also improves coop product quality, see details here)

Artisan.png Artisan

Artisan goods (wine, cheese, oil, etc.) worth 40% more.

(Note that oil does not actually benefit from the Artisan Profession)

Shepherd.png Shepherd

Befriend barn animals quicker. Sheep produce wool faster.

(Also improves barn product quality, see details here)

Agriculturist.png Agriculturist

All crops grow 10% faster.

Effect of Coopmaster and Shepherd on Animal Product Quality Frequency

On top of the ability in the skill description of befriending the relevant animal type faster (+30 friendship when petted instead of the base +15) and either halving incubation time or increasing wool production from sheep, the Coopmaster and Shepherd professions have a hidden benefit that isn't stated anywhere in the game. They each add 0.333 to the score used to calculate product quality for the animal type relevant to the skill. This results in substantially higher rates of iridium quality products. To illustrate, below is a table showing average frequency of iridium, gold and silver products with and without the Shepherd/Coopmaster professions for an animal with max friendship (1000, ie. 5 hearts) and max mood (255):

Profession % Iridium quality % Gold quality % Silver quality Average price (% of base price)
No (or other) Profession 56.665% 24.556% 18.779% 173.638%
Coopmaster or Shepherd 73.315% 19.564% 7.121% 184.877%

Complete Formula

Details 
The game normally calculates animal product quality using a score for each animal with the following formula: ((Friendship/1000) - (1 - (Mood/225)) (interestingly, the game doesn't factor in daily luck in this calculation)

For example, an animal with 1000 Friendship and 255 Mood (max friendship and mood) would be calculated thus:

=((1000/1000) - (1 - (255/225))

=1 - (1 - 1.1333...)

=1 + 0.1333...

=1.1333...

The game will begin checking what quality to create by first seeing if the whole score is above 0.95. If it is, the score divided by 2 will be compared against a random number between 0-1. If the score divided by 2 is greater than the random number, the item will be Iridium quality. If the score is below 0.95 or the check fails, the score divided by 2 will then be compared against a random number between 0-1. If the score divided by 2 is greater than the random number, the item will be Gold quality. If that check also fails, the whole score will then be compared against a random number between 0-1. If it is greater than the random number, the item will be Silver quality. Finally, if that check also fails, the item will be normal quality (though in the example above, the score is higher than 1, so a check for silver quality will always succeed if the two prior fail).

(Note that the 0.333 bonus to the score by the Coopmaster and Shepherd professions is applied to the whole score, not the halved score.)

Since the score is above 1 and the odds of normal quality produce can be ignored, the odds in this example without the bonus 0.333 can be calculated as:

1.1333 / 2 = 0.56665 = 56.665% iridium

(1 - 0.56665) × (1.1333 / 2) = 0.24556 = 24.556% gold

1 - 0.56665 - 0.24556 = 0.18779 = 18.779% silver

Since iridium products are worth 2× base price, gold products are worth 1.5× base price, and silver products are worth 1.25× base price, we can then calculate the percentage of base price in profits this results in:

=(0.56665 × 2) + (0.24556 × 1.5) + (0.18779 × 1.25)

= 1.13330 + 0.36834 + 0.23474

= 1.73638 = 173.638%

Crop Quality Frequency

Quality is determined when the crop is harvested, and not when it is planted. For crops that produce multiples at harvest (i.e., Coffee Bean, Blueberry, Cranberries), Basic and Quality fertilizers affect only the first crop produced.

First the game tests if the crop gets gold quality, if it doesn't it tries again with silver quality. If both fail the crop is normal quality. Quality is also dependent on the use of Fertilizer.

The basic formula for finding a gold quality crop (not including fertilizer) is 1% + 2% per farming level. The basic formula for finding a silver quality crop is 2% + 4% per level, though the game must first fail to award a gold quality crop before it will check to award a silver quality crop, so the chances for a silver quality are slightly reduced. The tables below show the probabilities of harvesting each quality of crop. Note that it is possible to reach Farming level 11-14 with buffs from Food.

Normal soil

Farming level % Regular quality % Silver quality % Gold quality Average price
0 97% 2% 1% 1.01
1 91% 6% 3% 1.03
2 85% 10% 5% 1.05
3 80% 13% 7% 1.07
4 75% 16% 9% 1.09
5 69% 20% 11% 1.10
6 64% 23% 13% 1.12
7 60% 25% 15% 1.14
8 55% 28% 17% 1.16
9 50% 31% 19% 1.17
10 46% 33% 21% 1.19
11 42% 35% 23% 1.20
12 38% 37% 25% 1.22
13 34% 39% 27% 1.23
14 30% 41% 29% 1.25

Soil with Basic Fertilizer

Farming level % Regular quality % Silver quality % Gold quality Average price
0 88% 8% 4% 1.04
1 77% 15% 8% 1.08
2 68% 20% 12% 1.11
3 59% 26% 15% 1.14
4 50% 31% 19% 1.17
5 42% 35% 23% 1.20
6 35% 39% 26% 1.23
7 28% 42% 30% 1.25
8 22% 44% 34% 1.28
9 16% 47% 37% 1.30
10 15% 44% 41% 1.32
11 14% 41% 45% 1.33
12 13% 39% 48% 1.34
13 12% 36% 52% 1.35
14 11% 33% 56% 1.36

Soil with Quality Fertilizer

Farming level % Regular quality % Silver quality % Gold quality Average price
0 78% 14% 8% 1.07
1 64% 23% 13% 1.12
2 52% 30% 18% 1.17
3 40% 36% 24% 1.21
4 30% 41% 29% 1.25
5 21% 45% 34% 1.28
6 15% 45% 40% 1.31
7 14% 41% 45% 1.33
8 13% 37% 50% 1.34
9 11% 33% 56% 1.36
10 10% 29% 61% 1.38
11 9% 25% 66% 1.39
12 7% 21% 72% 1.41
13 6% 17% 77% 1.43
14 4% 13% 82% 1.44

Soil with Deluxe Fertilizer

Normal quality crops cannot be produced when using Deluxe Fertilizer.

Farming level % Silver quality % Gold quality % Iridium Quality Average price
0 84% 10% 6% 1.32
1 75% 16% 9% 1.36
2 66% 22% 13% 1.40
3 57% 27% 16% 1.44
4 49% 31% 20% 1.47
5 42% 35% 23% 1.51
6 35% 39% 27% 1.55
7 28% 42% 30% 1.58
8 22% 45% 34% 1.61
9 16% 47% 37% 1.64
10 11% 48% 41% 1.67
11 7% 49% 44% 1.70
12 3% 50% 47% 1.73
13 0% 49% 51% 1.76
14 0% 46% 55% 1.77


Complete Formula

The probability that a crop's quality increases is linear with respect to your farming level and the soil fertilizer quality (0 for normal soil, 1 for Basic Fertilizer, 2 for Quality Fertilizer, and 3 for Deluxe Fertilizer). That is, the probability increases the same amount with each level for the same fertilizer quality, and with each fertilizer quality for the same farming level.

The formulas used in the game's code are as follows [1]:

Quality Formula
Gold Quality.png Gold 0.2 * (farming level / 10) + 0.2 * (fertilizer level) * ((farming level + 2) / 12) + 0.01
Silver Quality.png Silver 2 * chance for gold quality (capped at 75%)
Iridium Quality.png Iridium chance for gold quality / 2

Additionally, if the fertilizer is deluxe or better, then silver is the guaranteed minimum quality, and iridium is made possible.

The game checks each formula in the order iridium, gold, and silver. Note the probability calculation must take that into account: for instance on a soil without deluxe fertilizer, silver quality can be selected only if gold has not been chosen, and then the global chance for silver is equal to (1 - chance for gold quality) * (minimum between (0.75) and (2 * chance for gold quality)).

Experience Points

The amount of experience gained from harvesting crops varies from crop to crop, with more expensive crops giving more experience upon harvest. Crops with multiple harvests give experience for every harvest. Crops that yield multiple produce per harvest, such as blueberry, cranberry, or potato, only reward experience for the first product and do not offer any extra experience for the multiples.

Petting a farm animal, milking a cow or goat, shearing a sheep, or picking up an animal product inside a coop gives 5 experience points each. (Picking up Truffles gives Foraging experience rather than Farming experience.)

250 Farming XP is gained for reading a copy of the Stardew Valley Almanac or Book Of Stars.

To level up farming from level 0 to 1, it takes 13 parsnips, or 8 potatoes, or 5 cauliflowers. From level 0 to 2, it takes about 48 parsnips, or 28 potatoes, or 17 cauliflowers.

Spring
Crop XP
Coffee Bean.png Coffee Bean 4
Tulip.png Tulip 7
Unmilled Rice.png Unmilled Rice 7
Carrot.png Carrot 8
Parsnip.png Parsnip 8
Green Bean.png Green Bean 9
Blue Jazz.png Blue Jazz 10
Garlic.png Garlic 12
Potato.png Potato 14
Kale.png Kale 17
Strawberry.png Strawberry 18
Cauliflower.png Cauliflower 23
Rhubarb.png Rhubarb 26
Ancient Fruit.png Ancient Fruit 38
Cactus Fruit.png Cactus Fruit 14
Summer
Crop XP
Coffee Bean.png Coffee Bean 4
Hops.png Hops 6
Wheat.png Wheat 6
Hot Pepper.png Hot Pepper 9
Blueberry.png Blueberry 10
Corn.png Corn 10
Tomato.png Tomato 12
Sunflower.png Sunflower 14
Radish.png Radish 15
Summer Spangle.png Summer Spangle 15
Summer Squash.png Summer Squash 9
Poppy.png Poppy 20
Melon.png Melon 27
Red Cabbage.png Red Cabbage 28
Starfruit.png Starfruit 43
Ancient Fruit.png Ancient Fruit 38
Cactus Fruit.png Cactus Fruit 14
Taro Root.png Taro Root 16
Pineapple.png Pineapple 30
Fall
Crop XP
Wheat.png Wheat 6
Corn.png Corn 10
Eggplant.png Eggplant 12
Broccoli.png Broccoli 13
Bok Choy.png Bok Choy 14
Cranberries.png Cranberries 14
Grape.png Grape 14
Sunflower.png Sunflower 14
Beet.png Beet 16
Amaranth.png Amaranth 21
Artichoke.png Artichoke 22
Yam.png Yam 22
Fairy Rose.png Fairy Rose 29
Pumpkin.png Pumpkin 31
Ancient Fruit.png Ancient Fruit 38
Sweet Gem Berry.png Sweet Gem Berry 64
Cactus Fruit.png Cactus Fruit 14
Winter
Crop XP
Powdermelon.png Powdermelon 12

The experience points awarded are calculated using the formula XP=||16 × ln(0.018 × PRICE + 1)|| where PRICE is the base sell price of the crop (listed in ObjectInformation.xnb). High quality crops grant the same amount of XP as normal-quality crops.

Harvesting forage plants grown from Wild Seeds grants 3 Farming experience points and 2 Foraging experience points per plant.

Experience level is increased immediately upon harvesting, but the "level up" window doesn't appear until after going to sleep.

Lvl Total Lifetime Parsnips Harvested Experience
1 13 100
2 48 380
3 97 770
4 163 1300
5 269 2150
6 413 3300
7 600 4800
8 863 6900
9 1250 10000
10 1875 15000

Food

Certain cooked dishes will temporarily increase farming level. Qi Seasoning can be applied to further increase the stat buff for dishes cooked by the player.

Image Name Description Ingredients Energy / Health Buff(s) Buff Duration Recipe Source(s) Sell Price
Complete Breakfast.png
Complete Breakfast You'll feel ready to take on the world! Fried Egg.png Fried Egg (1)Milk.png Milk (1)Hashbrowns.png Hashbrowns (1)Pancakes.png Pancakes (1) Energy.png 200
Health.png 90
Farming.png Farming (+2)Max Energy.png Max Energy (+50) Time Icon.png 7m

Cooking Channel.png The Queen of Sauce
21 Spring, Year 2

data-sort-value="350">Gold.png350g
Hashbrowns.png
Hashbrowns Crispy and golden-brown! Potato.png Potato (1)Oil.png Oil (1) Energy.png 90
Health.png 40
Farming.png Farming (+1) Time Icon.png 5m 35s

Cooking Channel.png The Queen of Sauce
14 Spring, Year 2

Gus Icon.png Stardrop Saloon for data-sort-value="50">Gold.png50g

data-sort-value="120">Gold.png120g
Pepper Poppers.png
Pepper Poppers Spicy breaded peppers filled with cheese. Hot Pepper.png Hot Pepper (1)Cheese.png Cheese (1) Energy.png 130
Health.png 58
Farming.png Farming (+2)Speed.png Speed (+1) Time Icon.png 7m

Shane Icon.png Shane (Mail - 3+ HeartIconLarge.png)

data-sort-value="200">Gold.png200g
Tom Kha Soup.png
Tom Kha Soup These flavors are incredible! Coconut.png Coconut (1)Shrimp.png Shrimp (1)Common Mushroom.png Common Mushroom (1) Energy.png 175
Health.png 78
Farming.png Farming (+2)Max Energy.png Max Energy (+30) Time Icon.png 7m

Sandy Icon.png Sandy (Mail - 7+ HeartIconLarge.png)

data-sort-value="250">Gold.png250g
Farmer's Lunch.png
Farmer's Lunch This'll keep you going. Omelet.png Omelet (1)Parsnip.png Parsnip (1) Energy.png 200
Health.png 90
Farming.png Farming (+3) Time Icon.png 5m 35s
Farming Skill Icon.png Farming Level 3
data-sort-value="150">Gold.png150g
Maple Bar.png
Maple Bar It's a sweet doughnut topped with a rich maple glaze. Maple Syrup.png Maple Syrup (1)Sugar.png Sugar (1)Wheat Flour.png Wheat Flour (1) Energy.png 225
Health.png 101
Farming.png Farming (+1)Fishing.png Fishing (+1)Mining.png Mining (+1) Time Icon.png 16m 47s

Cooking Channel.png The Queen of Sauce
14 Summer, Year 2

data-sort-value="300">Gold.png300g

Crops

References

  1. See Crop::harvest in the game code.

History

  • 1.0: Introduced.
  • 1.1: Adjusted Rancher bonus to 20%, up from 10%, Artisan now increases the value of Artisan Goods by 40%, down from 50%.
  • 1.2.26: Farming level now affects crop yield prior to level 10.
  • 1.3.27: Fixed bug that prevented farming XP being granted when harvesting with Scythe.
  • 1.6: Farming Experience can now be gained by reading the Stardew Valley Almanac or Book Of Stars.